Leather is an incredibly wonderful natural fabric used for thousands of years. No man made material is able to surpass the natural beauty and toughness a leather but there are defects that can cause a life time or after the death of an animal.
Imperfections on the structure of rice or a hide or skin resulting in unsightly appearance and / or weakness of leather come. Such defects may have arisen during the life of animals, or may have formed the flaying and / or preparation of stock. Defects exist in natural leather surface and they usually can not be eliminated during process. No international criterion refers to the counting fees for defects calf skin leather. So complicated discuss causes additional costs and argument between suppliers and purchasers
Hides defects caused during the life of an animal
Defects caused during of life include:
1) Scars, resulting from scratches or cracks. (If you cut the healing, the fibers grow densely packed together, and the healed skin is often difficult, raised, and less than hair follicles. Scar damage is caused by branding the animals for the purposes of owners, usually in dense area, which is the best part of the hide)
2) infestations, such as ticks, warble flies, and mange. (Ticks penetrate the skin to suck blood, leaving holes that look either like pin pricks or minor scars in the grain of eather l. Defect occurs mainly in the areas of abdominal skin. Sarcoptic mange mites enter the epidermis and around the tunnel, causing the cells to multiply and the hair fall out. The grain be roughened surface, and the animals usually compounds the damage by rubbing to relieve the itching. With demodectic or follicular, mange, the mites penetrate the dermis itself, where a wall of the fibers are formed to surround and "encyst" in them. The cysts are usually found in the skins unhaired grains as small the swollen nodules. Tanning and drying process of shrinking the contents of the cysts, causing the surface of rice in the sink to the cavity defects are considered shallow depressions, although the particle surface itself is generally not broken;
3) infections. (If herpes, which is a fungus, it heals leaves no scars, but if the animals are slaughtered during infection, the grains appear rude to the site of infection);
4) cockle, occurs the wooled sheep immediately before shearing. (Flaw appears as boil-like hard spot, different sizes, which occur in rows in the back right angles from the shoulder the buttocks, and, while the shortcomings disappears quickly after the shearing, it can not be eliminated during the manufacture of leather.)
Defects caused after the death of an animal
Damage caused after death include:
1) parent cracks and gouges, cut the fibers of the dermis. (In thin href = "http://www.faport.com/"> leathers show them through and therefore harm the grain. Some parent cracks go completely through the hide or skin, ruining it completely. The types of cracks are normally the result of careless or improper flaying);
2) decay, which is the result of bacterial growth where to start immediately once the animals are dead, unless the skin is properly cured, particularly on exposed parts of skin. : PUTREFACTIVE injury;
3) vainness, where line branching blood vessels were seen in part empty. (If, due to poor treatment or age, for example, the structure around it will be flexible, the skin is said to veiny, and the branching pattern of veins usually shows through the rice side. Veininess can actually sometimes attractive to some skins, such as vellum.
4) damage from the heat, which can occur in hides and skins in tropical areas. (This is a common fault ground-dry skins. Sun Damage that occurs in a hide or skin when it becomes heated above a certain critical temperature while it is moist and still is laid out on dry days (cure). A completely dry skin may become very hot and still not be affected under normal conditions of cure, but before a skin is very sensitive to damage. Also, the building of a salted proceeds of the skin so uniformly throughout its entire thickness of the cooling effect through evaporation from the surface it maintains the temperature of the skin below the point danger until it is uniformly dry. No salt, however, the skin tends a dry unevenly when laid out in the usual way, which is flesh side up. This is probably because the flesh side can dry completely and start generating heat, while Underside remains moist, and, being Shielded from the steam, also started generate heat. This is especially the case when pieces of flesh, generally a fatty nature, is present in part of the flesh, and further slow the drying areas under them.
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